Hot metal mixer



Feb. 26, 1946.

H. L. MCFEATERS HOT METAL MIXER ll Sheets-Sheet 1 Filed July 16, 1943 Feb. 1946. H. MCFEATERS 2,395,569

' HOT METAL MIXER Filed July 16, 1943 ll Sheets-Sheet 2 Feb. 26, 1946. H. 'MCFEATERS HOT METAL MIXER 11 Sheets-Sheet 5 Filed July 16, 1945 R o M m w W W\ \y M @Q a Feb. 26, 1946.

H. LIM FEATERS v HOT METAL MIXER Filed July 16, 1943 ll Sheets-Sheet 4 Feb. 26, 1946. H. MOFEATERS HOT METAL MIXER Filed July 16, 1943 11 Sheets-Sheet 5 xma l g fwm Feb. 26, 1946. H. L. McFEATERs HOT METAL MIXER Filed July 16, 1943 ll Sheets-Sheet 6 Feb. 26, 1946. H. L. MCFEATERS HOT METAL MIXER Filed July 16, 1943 ll Sheets-Sheet '7 Feb. 26 1946. H. MOFEATERS HOT METAL MIXER Filed July 16, 1943 ll Sheets-Sheet 8 M Q .MW

7: ll 742w.

Feb. 26, 1946:- H, McFEATERS 2,395,569

HOT METAL MIXER Filed July 16, 1943 I ll Sheets-Sheet 9 Feb. 26, 1946. H. MCFEATERS 2,395,569

HOT METAL MIXER Filed July 16, 1943 l1 Sheets-Sheet l0 Feb. 26, .1946. H. IMCIFEATERSY 2,395,559

HOT" METAL MIXER Filed July 16. 1943 ll Sheets-Sheet 11 IN VENT OR MXOW W Patented Feb. 26, 1946 HOT METAL MIXER Harry L. McFeaters, New Castle, Pa., assignor to Pennsylvania Engineering Works, a corporation of Pennsylvania Application July 16, 1943, Serial No. 494,949

14 Claims. (Cl. 266-39) This invention relates to hot metal mixers which are constructed and arranged for tilting during pouring and righting.

One object of this invention is to produce means for water cooling the vulnerable parts of hot metal mixers such as the refractory lining of the pouring spout, the side and end walls as well as those parts of the bottom lining which are directl below the charging opening or openings.

Another object is to produce a water coolin system for the refractory lining of hot metal mixers which is open to the atmosphere, thus avoiding the building up of dangerous pressures there- Another object is to provide means for effectively cooling the refractories in the front, back and end Walls of hot metal mixers.

Another object is to produce means for prolonging the effective life of the refractories which are located directly below the charging opening or openings of a hot metal mixer.

Another object is to provide means for prolonging the effective life of the refractories of the side walls and bottom of the pouring spout of a hot metal mixer.

A further object is to produce a hot metal mixer in which those portions of its refractory lining which are subjected to the erosive action of the floating molten slag are maintained at a temperature such as to reduce erosion.

A still further object is to provide means for prolonging the effective life of those parts of the refractory lining of hot metal mixers with which the floating molten slag contacts while the mixer is filled with molten metal and while it is being emptied.

A still further object is to produce a tiltable hot metal mixer in which those portions of the refractory lining of the mixer which are subjected to the erosive action of the molten slag are water cooled.

Another object is to produce a cooling system for hot metal mixers which is open to the atmosphere and has simple means for delivering cooling water thereto and carrying away the waste water.

These and other objects which will be apparent to those skilled in this particular art, I attain by means of the structures described in the speciiication and illustrated in the drawings accompanying and forming part of this application.

This application is a continuation in part of my copending application Serial No. 481,698, filed April 3, 1943, and now abandoned in favor of this application.

In the drawings, which are more or less diagrammatic, the supporting and operating structures have been omitted, but can be assumed to be such, in a general way, as that shown in Patent 1,815,605 of July 21, 1931.

The general structure of the hot metal mixer of Figs. 1 to 4 inclusive, and Fig. 6 is shown in broken lines for the purpose of avoiding confusion, since the cooling units and many of the connections for such units are embedded in the refractory lining of the mixer. The cooling units and all connections for such units are shown in full lines.

Figure 1 is a diagrammatic top plan view of portions of the cooling units and piping of a hot metal mixer embodying this invention, portions of the shell and lining of the mixer being shown by dotted lines.

Fig. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view taken on line II-II of Fig. 1, looking toward the front wall and pouring spout of the mixer and illustrates the cooling units embedded in the refractory lining of such wall on opposite sides of the pouring spout.

Fig. 3 is a diagrammatic view in longitudinal section taken on line III--III of Fig. 1, looking in the opposite direction from the pouring spout of the mixer. In this View, the back wall is omitted for the purpose of illustrating the cooling unit for such wall, and the cooling units for the thickened portions of the bottom of the mixer.

Fig. 4 is a sectional view taken on line IV-IV of Fig. 2

Fig. 5 is a sectional view shown in full lines and is taken on line VV of Fig. 2 or Fig. 3.

Fig. 6 is an elev-ational View of a cooling unit such as employed in each end wall of the mixer.

Fig. .7 is a transverse sectional view taken through the center of a hot metal mixer equipped with modified cooling units embodying this invention.

Fig. 8 is a longitudinal sectional plan view taken on line VIII-VIII of Fig. 9 and illustrates one half of the mixer.

Fig. 9 is a fragmentary view in elevation looking toward the right of Fig. '7, that is toward the back wall of the mixer of Fig. 'I.

Fig. 10 is a sectional view of a hot metal mixer equipped with a still further form of cooling unit embodying this invention and is taken on line X-X of Fig. 11.

.Fig. 11 is an elevational view looking toward th right or toward the back wall of the mixer of Fig. 10; and.

Fig. 12 is a sectional view taken on line XII- XII of Fig. 11.

.main outlet .pipe 33.

the molten metal in the mixer.

. bottom of th pouring spout and for the skewbacks.

In Figures 1 and 5, which show a charging hopper, but one is illustrated. In Figures 2, 3,

4 and 6, the charging hoppers have been omitted in order to avoid confusion. It will be understood,

however, that the mixer can be provided with either one or two charging hoppers as desired.

The center lines of two charging hoppers are dis closed in Figs. 2 and 3 and in Fig. 2,: one such center line coincides with section line V-V.

Back wall cooling unit Referring now to the embodiment of Figures 1 to 6 inclusive, the refractory back wall 20 (Figs. 3, land has embedded therein, adjacent metal back wall 2|, a cooling unit which as an entirety is numbered 22. This unit is made up of parallel strands of metal pipe 23 with their ends so connected by U-shaped connector members 24 that the cooling water flows through such strands in series. The upper or inlet strand of unit 22, by meansof a pipe 25, is connected to the main water supply pipe 26 which is supported by the top .of the mixer shell. Main water supply pipe 26 extends downwardly, as shown at 21, to a swinging joint 23 and this joint has one portion thereof coaxial with the longitudinalaxis of the hot metal mixerthe axis about which the mixer tilts during pouring and righting. This coaxial portion has a slip connection with a pipe 29 leading from a suitable source of supply of cooling water. i I j The bottom or outlet strand 23 of unit 22, by means of -a pipe 30which is also embedded in the refractory lining 20, connects with a pipe 3| which is supported by th top of the mixer shell and which discharges into acollector 32. Collector 32- has an enlarged open upper end and. issupported in position on top of the mixer shell.

The. lower end of the collector connects with This main outlet pipe has a-downwardly extending portion as shown at 34 which connects with a swinging jointv 35 which also-has one portion 36 thereof which is coaxial withthe longitudinal axis of the hot metal mixer. This portion has a slip joint. connection with a pipe 31 which leads to the waste water disposal point.

.It will be seen from Figs. 4 and 5 that coolin unit .22 is located closer to shell 2| than to the inner faceof refractory lining 2l1.

or the mixer and it will be seen from this figure thatcooling unit 22 extends from the top of the mixer back wall to a position well below the normal metal line. This cooling unit therefore serves to cool that part of the mixer back wall refractories which are subjected to the erosive action of the molten slag whichfloats on the top of This is not only so while the mixer is full to the normal metal line, but also while th mixerisbeing emptied during a pouring operation. It willbe apparent that as the mixer tilts during pouring and right- .placed, and is of such size, as to lower-the temperature of the refractories with whichlthe molten slag contacts, to a point at which erosion caused by the molten slag is materially reduced.

Front wall cooling unit The front wall 39 (Figs. 4 and 5) has embedded in the refractory lining thereof a cooling unit made up of two substantially identical parts which are located on opposite sides of the pouring spout 40 as shown in Fig. 2.

Each part 4| of this cooling unit is made up of parallel strands of pipe with the ends of alternating pairs connected by oppositely positioned U-shaped connector members. The upper or inlet strand 42 of each part 4|, by means of a vertically extending pipe 43, which is also embedded vin the refractory lining and extends through the roof of the mixer, connects with main inlet pipe 26.

Cooling units in bottom refractories The bottom or outletstrand 44 of each part 4| is relatively short and connects with inlet strand 45 of a cooling unit of similar construction to the cooling units 22 and 4|. Each of these cooling units are numbered 46 and each is embedded in the thickened part 4! of the floor or bottom of the mixer. These thickened portions extend across the mixer bottom as shown at 48, Fig. 5,and part way up the back wall 20 as shown in said figure. These band-like thickened portions extend a distance longitudinally of the mixer on each side of the center line of each hopper as shown in Figs. 2 and 3. The center line of each hopper is marked with the numeral 49 in said figures. The strands of pipe of each cooling unit 46 extend throughout the full width of the-bottom of th mixer and to within a short distance of the bottom strand of cooling units 22 and. V

As pointed out above, the bottom or outlet strand 44 of each unit 4| connects with the inlet strand 45 of one of the cooling units 46. The outlet strand 5|! of each unit 46 is embedded in the refractory lining and connects with an upwardly extending outlet pipe 5| which i embedded in the refractory lining of the front Wall of the mixer, extends through the top of the mixer and discharges intocollector 32 as shown in Fig. 2. From the foregoing, taken in connection with the showing of Fig. 2, it will be seen that each of the cooling units 46 operates in series with a part 4| of the cooling unit for the front wall of the mixer.

Pouring spout cooling units 'water'entering the unit by pipe 53 connected to main inlet pipe 26 flows through the strands in series and leaves by an outlet pipe 54 which discharges into collector 32; The pipes forming the central strands'of unit 52, as will be seen from Figs. 1 and 4, are longer than the side strands, since the central strands cool the floor or bottom of the pouring spout, while the side strands cool the side walls of suchspout.

The refractory roof 55 of the mixer is constructed as a sprung arch and one skewba-ck is cooled by a double strand cooling unit 56, while the other-is cooledby adouble strand cooling unit 51.. Unit 56 connects with main inlet pipe 25 by an inlet pipe 58 and the waste water fromunit 56 is conducted to collector 32 by an outlet pipe 59. Unit 51 connects with main inlet pipe 26 by means of a pipe 60 and the waste water from unit 51 enters the collector by way of an outlet pipe 6|. The charging openings 62, are each preferably equipped with a hopper of the type disclosed in my application Serial No. 479,209 now Patent 2,340,193. This charging hopper is supplied with cooling water by means of a. pipe 63 which connects with main inlet pipe 26 and the outlet pipe 64 for the hopper discharges into collector 32.

Each end of the mixer is provided with a cooling unit, which as an entirety, i numbered 2211. These units are embedded in the end wall refractory linings adjacent the mixer shell and are made up of parallel strands of pipe 23a.

The upper strand of each unit, by means of a pipe 24a, connects with main inlet pipe 26 while the lower strand, by means .of a pipe 25a, discharges waste water from the unit into collector 32.

In the hot metal mixer of Figs. 7 to 9 inclusive,

in which a modified form of water cooled unit is disclosed, each unit comprises a number of celllike members which are preferably cast from a good heat conducting metal such as copper. These cell-like members extend through openings in the metal shell of the mixer and are embedded in the refractory lining. The cells are preferably brazed in position within said openings and .are arrangedin parallel banks.

Figure '7 shows one bank of cells 65 extending through openings in the shell back wall .66. This view also shows a bank of cells 67 located in the floor or bottom of the pouring spout 58. .It is assumed that there are enough banks of cells 6.! to not only embrace the bottom or floor of the pouring spout, but the sides of the spout as well.

Cells 61, like cells 65 extend through and are brazed in place within openings in that part of the mixer shell which embraces the pouring spout. These cells, like cells 65, are embedded in the refractory lining of the pouring spout.

In Figure 8, cells 69 comprised in a three bank unit are embedded in the front wall of the mixer and extend through openings formed in the front wall of shell Ill. It is to be assumed that banks of cells similar to cells 69 are located in the front wall on the opposite side of the spout from cells '69.

From Figs. "7 and '8, it will be seen that .each cell is formed as a generally rectangular box-like member having a partition wall "H which extends inwardly'from its outer wall to within a short distance of its inner wall. The outer wall, on opposite sides of said partition, is drilled and tapped to receive a short nipple-like pipe 12.

As shown in Fig. 9, the left hand cooling unit 13 comprising two banks of such cells 55, receives cooling water from main inlet pipe 26 through a pipe 14. Pipe I4 connects with all of the nipples 12 on one side of thepartitions ll of all'the cells of said bank. All of the cooling water which fills the left hand bank of cells passes under partitions H and flows from such cells through an outlet pipe 75 which connects with-all the nipples 12 on the right side of partitions H. The water flowing from the left hand bank of cells enters the left side of the right hand bank of cells by way of a short pipe 16. The inlet nipples of the right bank of cells are interconnected by a pipell while the outlet nipples on the right hand sid .of the second bank are interconnected by a pipe 18. This pipe serves as an outlet pipe for both banks of cells, and connects with .a pipe 19 which conveys the outlet water to collector 32.

The second cooling unit is made up of two banks of cells 80. These banks are spaced further apart than the banks comprising cooling unit 13. This is for the purpose of providing space for one of the support rockers of the mixer. Unit receives cooling water by means of a pipe 8! which also connects with main inlet pipe 25. Waste water from this unit is delivered to collector 3.2 by means of a pipe 82. The cooling units on the opposite side of the back wall are the same as those just described, and are spaced in the same manner.

The front wall of the mixer, on opposite sides of the pouring spout, is provided with similar cooling units, but here each unit preferably comprises three banks of cells as shown at the top of Fig. 8. These banks are interconnected by means of connectors 83 which are similar to connectors l5.

The cooling unit for the pouring spout includes enough parallel banks of cells to embrace the bottom as well as the side walls of the .spout. These banks are interconnected in the same manner as set forth in connection with the back and front wall banks. The cooling unit for the pouring spout receives'cooling water from main inlet pipe 26 by way of a pipe 84 and the waste water is conveyed to collector 32 by means of a waste pipe 85.

While the ends of the mixer of Figs. fl to 9 inclusive are not shown as provided with cooling units, it is contemplated that the same type of units are employed for the refractory lining in the ends of the mixer. It is also contemplated that the end cooling units for the back wall, which are in line with those of the front wall on opporsi-te sides of the pouring spout, will be extended downwardly and across the bottom of the mixer to join the same, so as to cool those portions of the bottom or floor of the mixer located directly below the charging openings.

In the hot metal mixer of Figs. 19, 11 and 12, the modified form of cooling unit is of a modified cellular type. In this form, instead of being cast, as in the form disclosed in Figs. 7, Sand 9, each unit is made up of strips of metal plate-like material welded to the shell of the mixer. The mixer shell thus forms the inner wall of each cell, while a cover plate which is welded in place and parallels the mixer shell forms the outer wall.

The back wall of the "mixer in this example is provided with three cooling units 8.6, ill and 88,

while the front wall is provided with two such cooling units and these are located on opposite sides of the pouring spout.

The pouring spout is provided with a similar cooling unit which as an entirety is numbered 89 (Fig. 10).

Cooling units 86 and 88 for the back wall and the cooling units for the front wall are in effect .but two cooling units. The upper portions of these are relatively wide as shown in Fig. 11 and these relatively wide portions are joined by relatively narrower portions such as portions 86a. and 88a. Portions 8.6a and 88a extend around the lower sides .and bottom of the mixer in line with the thickened portions of the mixer bottom. These portions are located directly below the charging openings.

Each cooling unit of this modification ha-s striplike side members :99 and 9-! and strip-like end members 92 and 93. These maybe formed from,

plate-like metal. These strips are welded in posi--- tion to the outer surface of the shell of the mixer and are connected together by means of weld metal. Metal strips 94 and 95 are arranged in spaced relation and welded to the mixer shell. Strips 94 extend from side member 9| to within a short distance of side member 90, while strips 95 extend from side member 90 to within a short distance of side member 9|. This arrangement forms a tortuous passage for the cellular structure. A cover plate 96 of suitable size to cover the cell structure is welded to the sides, ends and partition strips 94 and 95.

The cooling unit 8586a is supplied with cooling water through a pipe 91 which connects with main inlet pipe 26. Cooling water entering the top of unit 86 through pipe 91 flows downwardly through unit 86-8611, upwardly through 86a on the front wall of the mixer and thence upwardly through the front wall unit corresponding to unit 85, and which in Fig. 12 is numbered 98. Waste water from unit 8B85ct-98 is conveyed to collector 32 by a waste water pipe 99 which connects with the upper end of the unit.

Cooling units 88-8811, and the unit on the front wall of the mixer which connects with unit 88a, receive their cooling water by a pipe I90 which connects with main inlet pipe 26. The waste water for these combined units is discharged through a pipe corresponding to pipe 99 and by said pipe is discharged into collector 32.

Cooling unit 81 receives its cooling water by means of an inlet pipe which connects with main inlet pipe 26. The waste water from unit 81 is discharged into the collector by means of waste pipe I02 which connects with the bottom of unit 81.

The bottom of unit 81 is provided with a drain opening which is normally closed by a drain plug I03, while unit portions 86a and 8811 at their lowermost point are provided with drain openings which ar normally closed by plugs which are respectively numbered Hi4 and H35.

The cooling unit for the pouring spout receives its cooling water by means of a pipe I06 which connects the bottom of such unit to main inlet pipe 26 and waste water leaves the upper end of this unit by way of a pipe Ill! which discharges into collector 32.

While cooling units for the ends of this modified form of mixer are not illustrated in the drawings, it is to be assumed that said units are employed and that they are of the same type as those of the back and front walls.

While the cooling units for the skewbacks have not been illustrated in connection with this modification, or that disclosed in Figs. 7, 8 and 9, it will be apparent that the skewbacks can be provided with any of the types of cooling units disclosed in the drawings.

In some hot metal mixers, it may be desirable to employ one form of cooling unit in one part of the mixer and one or both of the forms in other parts of the mixer, and, it will be apparent that this may readily be done. It may also be desirable in som mixers,: for storing highly refractory metals, to employ two types of cooling units for the same portions of the mixer, so as to obtain a'double cooling effect.

In all of the forms shown, it will be seen that the cooling units are in direct contact with the refractories to be cooled. This is so even in the form shown in Figs. 10 to 12 inclusive, since-the metal shell of the mixer forms the inner walls of the cooling units.

The cooling units of this invention are so constructed and arranged as to materially increase the effective life of those portions of the refractory lining-that ordinarily erod or wear away rapidly due to chemical reactions between the lining material on the one hand and the molten slag and molten metal on the other hand These cooling units also increase the effective life of those portions of the refractory lining that are subject to washing due to currents that are set up within the molten metal itself, currents such as occur adjacent the bottom lining directly below the charging openings during charging. of the mixer with molten metal as well as those that occur within and adjacent the pouring spout during pouring.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

1. In a hot metal mixer constructed for tilting about its longitudinal axis having a metal shell, with at least one charging opening in the top thereof, a refractory lining for the front, back, side walls and bottom, water cooled units in contact with such walls and which extend above and below the metal line of the mixer a sufficient distance to efiect a cooling of those portions of such lining as are contacted by the layer of molten slag supported bythe molten metal during use of the mixer, a water cooled unit extending across the bottom of the mixer directly below the charging opening, and contacting with the refractory lining of the mixer bottom, and means operable during operation of the mixer for circulating cooling water through such units.

2. In a hot metal mixer constructed for tilting about its longitudinal axis and having a metal shell and refractory linings for the front, back and end walls, water cooled units contacting with such refractory linings at the normal metal line of the mixer and which extend far enough above and below such line as to reduce the temperature of those portions of such linings as are contacted by the molten slag floating on the molten metal during use of the mixer and means operable during operation and tilting of the mixor for circulating water through such units.

3. In a hot metal mixer constructed for tilting about its longitudinal axis and having a metal shell and refractory linings for the front, back and end walls, water cooled units embedded within such refractory linings and attached to such shell and which embrace the normal metal line and extend far enough above and below such line as to reduce the temperature of those portions of such linings as are contacted and washed by the molten slag floating on the molten metal during use of the mixer and means operable during operation and tilting of the mixer for circulating water through such units.

4. In a hot metal mixer constructed for tilting about its longitudinal axis and having a metal shell and refractory linings for the front, back and end walls, water cooled units attached to the exterior of such shell and of which such shell forms the inner wall of each such unit; such units arranged to embrace the normal metal line of the mixer and extend far enoughabove and below such line as to reduce the temperature of those portions of such linings as are contacted by molten slag floating on the molten 'metal during use of the mixer and means operable during operation and tilting of the mixer for circulating cooling water through such units. 5. In a hot metal mixer constructed for tilting about its longitudinal axis and having a metal shell provided with a roof portion having at least one charging opening therein a refractory lining for the front, back, side walls and bottom of the mixer, water cooled units in contact with such lining at the normal metal line of the mixer and far enough above and below such line as to embrace those portions of such linings as are washed by the molten slag floating on the molten metal during use of the mixer, the water cooled unit in contact with the bottom lining directly below such charging opening and means operable during operation and tilting of the mixer for circulating cooling water through such units; the refractory lining of the bottom of the mixer being thickened directly below such charging opening.

6. In a hot metal mixer constructed for tilting about its longitudinal axis, having a metal shell and a refractory lining for its front, back and side Walls, water cooled units in contact with such lining at the normal metal line of the mixer and far enough above and below such line as to embrace those portions of such linings as are washed by the molten slag floating on the molten metal during use of the mixer, means for circulating cooling water through such units, and means connecting such water circulating means to a source of supply of cooling water, such means including a connection which is coaxial with the longitudinal axis of the mixer.

7. In a hot metal mixer constructed for tilting about its longitudinal axis, having a metal shell, refractory linings for the front, back and end walls and bottom of such shell, aroof equipped with at least one charging opening, water cooled units contacting with such refractory linings at the normal metal line of the mixer and far enough above and below such line to embrace those portions contacted by the layer of molten slag supported by the molten metal during use of the mixer, a water cooled unit contacting with the lining of the bottom of the mixer directly below such charging opening, such units being arranged to effect a cooling of the lining portions with which they contact, and means operable during operation of the mixer for circulating cooling water through such units.

8. In a hot metal mixer constructed for tilting about its longitudinal axis and having a pouring spout projecting from one side thereof, a metal shell for the body of the mixer and said spout, a refractory lining for the body of the mixer and said spout, a water cooled unit in contact with the refractory lining of such spout and extending throughout substantially the full length of the sides and bottom of such spout, and means operable during operation and tilting of the mixer for circulating cooling water through such unit.

9. In a hot metal mixer constructed for tilting about its longitudinal axis and having a metal shell, a roof for such shell having at least one charging opening therein and a refractory lining for such shell and roof, a water cooled unit contacting with the refractory lining of the bottom of th mixer directly below such charging opening, and means operable during operation of the mixer for circulating cooling water through such unit.

10. In a hot metal mixer constructed for tilting about its longitudinal axis and having a pouring spout projecting from one side thereof, a metal shell for the body of the mixer and said spout, a refractory lining for the body of the mixer and said spout, a water cooled unit embedded within the refractory lining of said spout and extending throughout substantially the full length of the sides and bottom of such spout, and means operable during operation and tilting of the mixer for circulating cooling water through such unit.

11. In a hot metal mixer constructed for tilting about its longitudinal axis and having a refractory lined pouring spot projecting from one side thereof, a metal shell for the body of the mixer and said spout, a water cooled unit in contact with the metal shell and refractory lining of such spout and extending throughout substantially the full length of the sides and bottom of such spout and means operable during operation and tilting of the mixer for circulating cooling water through such unit.

12. In a hot metal mixer constructed for tilting about its longitudinal axis and having a pouring spout projecting from one side thereof, a

metal shell for the body of the mixer and said.

spout, a refractory lining for the body of the mixer and said spout, a water cooled unit in contact with the refractory lining of such spout and extending throughout substantially the full length of the sides and bottom of such spout, and means operable during operation and tilting of the mixer for circulating cooling water through such unit; such means including a water connection which is coaxial with the longitudinal axis of the mixer.

13. In a hot metal mixer constructed for tilting about its longitudinal axis and having a pouring spout projecting from one side thereof, a refractory lined metal shell for the body of the mixer and said spout, a water cooled unit in contact with the refractory lining of such spout and extending throughout substantially the full length of the sides and bottom of such spout, and means operable during operation and tilting of the mixer for circulating cooling water through such unit; such means including water inlet and outlet connections which are coaxial with the longitudinal axis of the mixer.

14. In a hot metal mixer constructed for tilting about its longitudinal axis, having a metal shell for the body of the mixer, a metal roof having at least one charging opening therein, a refractory lining for the roof, a refractory lining for the body of the mixer having a thickened portion thereof located directly beneath such opening, a cooling unit in the refractory lining below such thickened portion, and means operable during operation of the mixer and tilting thereof for circulating cooling water through such unit.

HARRY L. MCFEATERS. 

